锦屏一级电站地下厂房岩锚梁载荷试验研究     

黄志鹏  周江平  许爱平  赫晓光  董燕君 《岩土力学》2011,32(Z1):471-0475

详细介绍了锦屏一级水电站工程地下厂房岩锚梁试验过程、安全监测方法及结果。试验结果表明,岩锚梁锚杆应力、接缝开度、围岩变形及锚索荷载变化主要由围岩二次应力调整引起的,试验荷载引起的增量远远小于各监测物理量,岩锚梁大多数锚杆承受拉应力,C锚杆的应力增量比A、B锚杆的应力增量反应更敏感;锚杆应力增量随着埋深增加迅速减小,岩锚梁荷载试验全过程中各监测物理量变化均小于设计控制标准值。建议在围岩变形较大的条件下,岩锚梁的设计、施工应考虑围岩和岩锚梁共同作用的影响  相似文献   

土钉墙数值模拟在干船坞坞墙中应用探讨     

蔡枫  郑永来 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z2):560-564

从减少基坑开挖过程中坞墙位移和控制坞壁渗水角度出发,利用数值模拟分析,探讨在深基坑开挖中得到广泛应用的普通土钉墙和用于船坞坞室基坑开挖中的复合土钉墙技术,将联合劲性水泥土搅拌桩的复合土钉墙用于干船坞的坞墙结构。从工程探讨角度,研究土钉联合劲性水泥土搅拌桩、预应力锚杆的复合土钉墙在干船坞这一特定条件下的应用问题,并通过分析模拟结果,为干船坞坞墙设计施工过程中安全问题提出一些注意点  相似文献   

双锚固段新型锚索锚固性能研究及工程应用     

张玉芳  袁坤 《岩土力学》2018,39(Z1):461-468

为探究高路堤、深路堑边坡锚固系统耐久性以及锚固效果,研制了一种内外双锚固段新型锚索,从其结构设计、结构特点及锚固机理入手,分析其受力模式与计算方法,并通过室内足尺模型试验分析双锚固段新型锚索锚固效果,试验结果表明,（1）外锚固段有效的起到了双重锚固作用;（2）双锚固段锚索系统能有效避免因锚索失效导致的预应力损失;（3）整个锚固系统能实现反向自锁功能,与传统的锚索比,安全可靠性更高,能有效避免因锚索破坏突发灾难性的安全事故,长期性价比高;（4）工程实例验证石炭系岩关组砂岩、泥岩及深灰色灰岩呈互层地层外固段长度不少于8 m,才能有效地避免外锚头失效自由段预应力不损失。试验结果对正确分析双锚固段新型锚索加固作用机制和工程设计应用具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

自适应锚索锚固岩质边坡地震动力响应分析     

许明  唐亚锋  刘先珊  罗斌  唐道勇 《岩土力学》2018,39(7):2379-2386

强震作用下常规锚索往往会因材料变形能力不足导致应力过载而被拉断,一旦锚索失效将直接危及整个锚固结构的安全。为研究自适应锚索的动力响应规律以及在自适应锚索支护下锚固边坡的动力特性,以新型抗震锚索为原型,设计自适应锚索锚固岩质边坡试验模型,并利用振动台试验系统对试验模型进行加载。试验中采用正弦波、天津波、EI波以及Taft波等4种地震波进行研究,监测锚索的应变和边坡动力响应。结果表明：锚索的轴力和地震波幅值、类型、地震激励频率等因素密切相关;锚固边坡坡面加速度及位移沿边坡高程均有不同程度的放大,相对于无锚索支护边坡,锚固边坡坡面加速度和位移峰值均有减小;自适应锚索随着预设滑移恒阻力的不同,锚索会产生不滑移、瞬间滑移、逐步滑移3种工况,对应的锚索应变时程曲线和锚固边坡动力安全系数时程具有显著不同的特征;自适应锚索滑移工况下,滑体的安全系数虽然有局部减小的阶段,但是锚固结构的安全储备较大,可适应边坡大变形和瞬态冲击荷载的作用。试验结果可为强震区路堑边坡的支护和自适应锚索抗震设计提供一定参考。  相似文献   

地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡极限分析     

严敏嘉  夏元友  刘婷婷 《岩土力学》2018,39(7):2691-2698

针对地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡典型模型,提出了一种地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡的极限分析改进方法,该方法考虑了边坡极限状态时锚索的受力变化。基于岩体刚性假设并考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化,结合极限平衡法推导出边坡加固预应力锚索的受力变化公式;地震作用仅考虑地震波传播至滑动面时产生的透射波对边坡稳定性的影响,从功率的角度出发,结合极限分析上限法与强度折减法,考虑预应力锚索受力变化,推导出地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡的动安全系数计算理论公式;结合算例,采用考虑与不考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化两种计算方法,分析了在不同入射波波幅、入射角度及滑动面黏聚力、内摩擦角条件下两种方法计算结果的差异。算例结果表明：考虑与不考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化计算方法,计算得出的动安全系数变化规律一致,但考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化的改进计算方法得出的动安全系数动态变化幅度明显更小,反映了锚索的抗震作用效果,可为地震作用下该类型岩坡的预应力锚索加固设计分析提供参考。  相似文献   

老滑坡路段路堑开挖与超前支护效果     

李论基  姚青青  安玉科 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(6):1767-1777

为防止老滑坡路段路堑开挖过程中出现路堑边坡失稳的问题,以在建某高速公路老滑坡段路堑失稳边坡为例,借助数值分析,进行了老滑坡路段路堑开挖与超前支护效果研究。结果表明：1）一般宽平台开挖模式能提高边坡的整体稳定性;然而,对于存在具有膨胀性质滑带土的牵引式老滑坡,坡脚采用宽平台刷坡减重不利于路堑边坡的稳定,必须要采取超前支护,如锚索、抗滑桩等,必要时要紧急采取清方卸载措施。2）锚索超前支护能够有效抑制边坡变形,需采用有效措施提高设置在坡脚处锚索的抗拉强度,如施加预应力等。3）抗滑桩超前支护应注意桩位、桩长、桩距的优化设计。建议抗滑桩采用锚拉,对桩前坡体中的滑带进行超前注浆,有必要沿老滑坡主滑方向布置多排抗滑桩,或采用h型桩体设计。  相似文献   

复合土钉墙在市区深基坑支护工程中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

刘文峰  陈之伟  苏白济 《探矿工程》2017,44(3):73-76

以济南市区深基坑支护工程实例为背景,分析了在周边环境复杂,使用土地范围受限情况下的市区开展深基坑支护工程,采用复合土钉墙支护技术,利用其形式多样、组合灵活的特点,充分发挥组合中各部件的优点,取长聚优,在保证安全的前提下以期达到技术经济的最佳;同时总结了施工中各个工序的施工要点和关键技术措施。监测数据显示基坑位移变形小,未对周边环境造成不良影响,说明支护体系发挥了良好的实施效果。  相似文献   

煤矿用锚杆钻头的应用现状与发展趋势          下载免费PDF全文

孙荣军 《探矿工程》2017,44(5):58-61

我国是采煤大国,大多数煤矿以井工开采为主,煤矿巷道掘进和支护的工程量很大,巷道支护钻孔施工需要消耗大量锚杆钻头,锚杆钻头的设计和制造技术也得到了快速发展。介绍了锚杆钻头的发展和应用现状,对我国煤矿现用的锚杆钻头的技术特点、适用性进行了分析,并结合煤矿巷道支护的实际需求,提出了施工硬岩和复杂地层时锚杆钻头存在的问题,最后从锚杆钻头设计、加工工艺等方面,阐述了锚杆钻头的发展趋势。  相似文献   

Behavior of drag anchor in clay with linearly increasing shear strength under unidirectional and combined loading     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

Drag anchor is a widely used economical anchor option for offshore floating structures. The anchor behavior under unidirectional loading and combined loading is important for anchor selection. The anchor behavior under combined loading, characterized by the yield envelope, can also be used for the prediction of anchor installation, which is still an issue in anchor design. However, most existing studies on anchor capacity are for plate anchors which focused only on the anchor pullout capacity in soil with uniform shear strength. The behavior of drag anchor under unidirectional and combined loading in soil with linearly increasing shear strength profile is seldom investigated. The current 2D finite element studies investigate the anchor behavior for a horizontal anchor fluke in clay with linearly increasing shear strength under unidirectional vertical, horizontal and rotational loadings first. Then based on the results of anchor unidirectional loading behavior, the yield envelopes for anchor under combined loading for both shallow and deep embedded flukes are studied. The effect of anchor embedment depth, soil non- homogeneity, soil overburden pressure and the soil/anchor interface breakaway conditions are studied to provide insight for drag anchor design.  相似文献   

Toward a quick evaluation of the performance of gravity installed anchors in clay: Penetration and keying     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

Gravity installed anchors (GIAs) are the most recent generation of anchoring solutions to moor floating facilities for deepwater oil and gas developments. Challenges associated with GIAs include predicting the initial embedment depth and evaluating the keying performance of the anchor. The former involves high soil strain rate due to large anchor penetration velocity, while the later influences the subsequent behavior and pullout capacity of the anchor. With the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method, three-dimensional large deformation finite element models are established to investigate the penetration and keying of GIAs in non-homogeneous clay. In the penetration model, a modified Tresca soil model is adopted to allow the effects of soil strain rate and strain softening, and user-defined hydrodynamic drag force and frictional resistance are introduced via concentrated forces. In the keying model, the anchor line effects are incorporated through a chain equation, and the keying, diving and pulling out behaviors of the anchor can all be replicated. Parametric studies are undertaken at first to quantify the effects of various factors on the performance of GIAs, especially on the penetration and keying behaviors. Based on the results of parametric studies, fitted formulae are proposed to give a quick evaluation of the anchor embedment depth after the installation, and the shackle horizontal displacement, shackle embedment loss and anchor inclination at the end of the keying. Comparative studies are also performed to verify the effectiveness of the fitted formulae.  相似文献